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目的调查中山市疾病预防控制机构(简称疾控机构)突发公共卫生事件应急能力的现况,分析问题并探讨改进对策。方法对中山市辖区26家机构进行问卷调查,内容包括组织管理、技术实施、资源储备、监测预警、协调合作5个方面。结果 84.62%的机构成立应急专家小组,各机构均建立了相关的应急制度和预案;大专以上学历人员占77.17%,能从事现场调查处理的人数占56.28%,总人数超出编制数的19.20%,服务人口的比例为1.89/10万;市级和镇区机构仪器设备达标率分别为82.71%和46.89%,项目开展率分别为80.15%和33.33%;应急专项经费配备率为46.15%;全市传染病网络直报率为100%;接报事件后,83.88%的疾控中心能在6h内前往调查。结论中山市疾控机构应急框架体系已基本建立,疫情处理较为规范,但存在卫生人力资源结构不合理、应急制度和预案系统不完善、镇区实验室设备配置率低、尚未建立科学稳定的应急工作经费投入机制以及应急能力发展不均衡等问题。应采取各项措施,加强卫生应急能力的建设,使其与日益严峻的防病任务相适应。
Objective To investigate the status quo of emergency response capacity of public health emergencies in Zhongshan Disease Prevention and Control Institution (hereinafter referred to as CDC), to analyze the problems and to explore the improvement measures. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 26 institutions in Zhongshan City, covering five aspects: organization and management, technical implementation, resource reserve, monitoring and early warning, and coordination and cooperation. Results 84.62% of the agencies set up the emergency expert team, and all the agencies have set up the relevant emergency response plans and plans; 77.17% of them have college education or above, 56.28% of them can do on-the-spot investigation and processing, the total number exceeds 19.20% The ratio of service population is 1.89 / 100,000; the standard rate of instruments and equipment of municipal and township institutions is 82.71% and 46.89% respectively, the project implementation rate is 80.15% and 33.33% respectively; the provision rate of emergency special funds is 46.15% Disease reporting rate was 100% network; reported after the incident, 83.88% of CDC can be investigated within 6h. Conclusion The emergency response system of Zhongshan Municipal CDC has been basically established and the epidemic situation has been handled in a fairly standardized way. However, the structure of HRH is irrational, the system of emergency response and the system of preplan are not perfect, and the equipment allocation rate of labs in the township is low, and a scientific and stable emergency has not been established Work funding mechanisms and emergency response capacity is not balanced development and other issues. Various measures should be taken to strengthen the construction of the health emergency response capability to make it compatible with the increasingly serious disease prevention tasks.