一般系统论告诉我们:系统的功能主要不取决于要素本身,而取决于系统的结构。没有优良的结构,再好的要素也不能保障系统有好的功能。如果我们把个人品质比做系统的要素,公共管理和秩序比做系统的结构,善比做功能,那么,社会善关键要在公共管理、公共秩序上做文章。 The general system theory tells us: the function of the system does not depend mainly on the elements themselves, but on the structure of the system. No good structure, even the best elements can not guarantee the system has good features. If we compare personal qualities to system elements, public management and order as systematic structures and goodies to function, then the key to social goodness is to make a fuss about public administration and public order.