明亡后,黄宗羲等一批具有民族气节的士子,投笔从戎抗击满清。义军失败后,他们隐居民间讲学著书,黄宗羲就是其中一位优秀代表。崇祯吊死煤山,“嘉定三屠”“杨州十日”。国恨家仇、奇耻大辱,令黄宗羲刻骨铭心。中华民族怎样才能避免这样的亡国之祸,天下苍生怎样才能躲开这般大灾大难?他选择了从君、臣、民三者的定位和关系入手,试图找出答案。 After the death of the Ming Dynasty, Huang Zongxi and a number of other scholars with national integrity committed themselves to defeat Manchu. After the defeat of the Yijun Army, they recounted their books in private recluse. Huang Zongxi was one of the outstanding representatives. Chongshan hanging Coal Hill, “Jiading three Tu ” “Yangzhou ten ”. National hate revenge, trembling, so Huang Zongxi unforgettable. How can the Chinese nation avoid such a disaster of national ruin? How can the common people in the world escape such a catastrophic catastrophe? He chose to start with the positioning and relations among the monarchs, ministers and the people in an attempt to find out the answer.