论文部分内容阅读
目的了解郑州医学院校大学生的营养及生活方式现状,提出改善意见。方法采用整群抽样的方法抽取郑州两所医学院校学生414名,测量其身高、体重、腰围和臀围,并用24 h回顾法让其记录自己3天的膳食摄入情况。结果男女生的消瘦率分别为9.76%和18.80%,超重和肥胖率分别为13.01%和6.40%。消瘦(χ~2=5.064,P<0.05)、超重和肥胖(χ~2=4.590,P<0.05)在性别间的分布差异有统计学意义。男生(χ~2=10.658,P<0.01)和女生(χ~2=8.784,P<0.05)的腰臀比(WHR)类型在不同体型的分布差异有统计学意义。WHR类型在性别间的分布差异有统计学意义(χ~2=6.630,P<0.05)。男生能量、蛋白质、碳水化合物的摄入量均高于女生(P<0.05)。早餐、零食、运动和睡眠在不同营养状况的分布差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论郑州医学院校大学生营养不良和能量过剩同时存在。大学生应提高水果、牛奶和粗粮的摄入量;根据自己的体格发育状况,适当增加或减少能量的摄入水平。加强健康教育,改变不良的饮食行为习惯。
Objective To understand the status quo of nutrition and lifestyles of college students in Zhengzhou Medical College and put forward suggestions for improvement. Methods A total of 414 students from two medical schools in Zhengzhou were sampled by cluster sampling method to measure their height, weight, waist circumference and hip circumference, and then recorded their dietary intake for three days by 24 h retrospective method. Results The wasting rates of boys and girls were 9.76% and 18.80% respectively, and the overweight and obesity rates were 13.01% and 6.40% respectively. There was significant difference in the distribution of overweight and obesity (χ ~ 2 = 4.590, P <0.05) between the two groups (χ ~ 2 = 5.064, P <0.05). There were significant differences in WHR between boys (χ ~ 2 = 10.658, P <0.01) and girls (χ ~ 2 = 8.784, P <0.05) in different body types. WHR type distribution between the sexes was statistically significant (χ ~ 2 = 6.630, P <0.05). Boys ’energy, protein and carbohydrate intake were higher than girls’ (P <0.05). The distribution of breakfast, snacks, exercise and sleep in different nutritional status were significantly different (P <0.05). Conclusion Malnutrition and excess energy of college students in Zhengzhou exist simultaneously. College students should increase the intake of fruits, milk and whole grains; according to their physical development, appropriate increase or decrease the level of energy intake. Strengthen health education and change bad eating habits.