倒伏是目前影响小麦增产的主要因素之一。倒伏的原因可分为四组:植株自身的特性(茎的构造和特性,根的发育和构造),物理因素(风、雨、冰雹、温变和光照状况等),农业技术因素(水分和营养过剩,尤其是氮素过剩而磷钾不足,播种量过高等),病害。在很大程度上与小麦品种特性和栽培技术有关。在评定育种材料时,必须考虑综合的解剖——形态特征,其最重要的特性是茎高和茎 Lodging is one of the main factors affecting the wheat yield increase. The causes of lodging can be divided into four groups: the characteristics of the plants themselves (stem structure and characteristics, root development and structure), physical factors (wind, rain, hail, temperature change and light conditions), agricultural technology Overnutrition, especially excess nitrogen and inadequate phosphorus and potassium, too much seeding rate), disease. To a large extent with the characteristics of wheat varieties and cultivation techniques. When assessing breeding material, one must consider the integrated anatomical-morphological features, the most important of which are stem height and stem