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本文报道了五种重要的药用生物碱资源植物的研究结果对于萝芙木总碱和利血平资源植物,分析了国产萝芙木属(Rauvolfia)五个种及三个变种根中总生物碱及利血平的含量;对于阿托品资源植物,重点研究了国产的茄科植物,发现有六个属九个种植物含有莨菪碱,并证明矮莨菪(Przewalskia shebbearei)根中的总生物碱高达1.89%,莨菪碱含量为1.65%;对于士的宁资源植物,研究了八种国产的马钱属(Strychnos)植物,有三种含生物碱量较高;对于麻黄碱资源植物,重点分析了产于西藏与新疆的麻黄属(Ephedra)的三个种及一变种;对于小檗碱资源植物,分析了采自西藏的四种小檗属(Berberis)植物,其中大刺黄柏小檗内皮的含量以小檗碱计算可达7.73%。本研究证明了利用植物亲缘关系相近,则其化学成分也近似的规律来寻找并扩大药物资源,是一种有效的途径。当某种天然生物碱通过大量的研究和临床验证,肯定其疗效,并确定其法定地位(收载入药典),投入生产时,对于这种药物资源的需求,就成为一个突出的问题。目前,除了根据其化学结构采用人工合成方法外,最常用的解决途径便是利用植物亲缘关系和化学成分间存在着密切联系这一规律,从已知含此类成分的植物类群中去寻找高含量的新资源。实践证明,这是一条行之有效的途径。以下便是我们对五种重要药用生物碱资源植物的部分研究报道。
This paper reports the results of the research on five important medicinal alkaloid resource plants. For Ravenous total base and reserpine resource plants, five species of domestic Rauvolfia (Rauvolfia) and three species of total root biomass were analyzed. Alkali and reserpine content; For the atropine resource plant, focus on domestically produced solanaceous plants, found that six genera of nine species of plants contain lysozyme, and proved that the total alkaloids in the roots of Przewalskia shebbearei are as high as 1.89%, the content of osmium is 1.65%; for Strychnine resource plant, eight kinds of domestically produced Strychnos plants are studied, and there are three kinds of alkaloids with higher content; For ephedrine resource plants, the production is analyzed with emphasis on production. Three species and one variety of Ephedra in Tibet and Xinjiang; For the berberine resource plant, four species of Berberis collected from Tibet were analyzed for endothelium content Calculated with berberine up to 7.73%. This study has proved that it is an effective way to find and expand drug resources by using similar laws in terms of plant genetic similarity. When a certain natural alkaloid passes a lot of research and clinical verification, its efficacy is affirmed, and its legal status (received into the pharmacopoeia) is determined. When it is put into production, the demand for this kind of drug resource becomes a prominent problem. At present, in addition to using artificial synthetic methods based on their chemical structures, the most commonly used solution is to use the law that there is a close relationship between plant genetic relationships and chemical components, and to search for plants from a group of plants known to contain such components. Content of new resources. Practice has proved that this is an effective way. The following is a partial report of our study on five important medicinal alkaloid resource plants.