AIM:To study the level of membrane interleukin-2 receptor(mIL-2R)on surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC)and the therapeutic efficacy of alpha 2b interferonon the treatment of HCV-RNA in PBMC of patients withchronic hepatitis C and to compare the negative rates ofHCV-RNA in PBMC,HCV-RNA and anti-HCV in serum.METHODS:Before and after treatment of alpha 2binterferon,the level of mIL-2R of patients with chronichepatitis C was detected by biotin-streptavidin(BSA).Thetherapeutic group(26 cases)was treated with alpha 2binterferon(3 MU/d)and control therapeutic group(22 cases)was treated with routine drugs(VitC,aspartic acid).Thetotal course of treatment with alpha 2b interferon and routinedrug was six months and per course of the treatment wasthree months.The levels of HCV-RNA in PBMC,HCV-RNAand anti-HCV in serum were detected before and after acourse of the treatment.RESULTS:Before and after treatment of alpha 2binterferon and routine drugs,the levels of mIL-2R in silencestage were(3.44±0.77)%and(2.95±0.72)%,the levelsof rnIL-2R in inducement stage were(33.62±3.95)%and(30.04±3.73)%.There was a significant difference betweentwo groups(P<0.01-P<0.05).After treatment of alpha 2binterferon with 3 MU/d for two courses of the treatment,the total negative rates of HCV-RNA in the PBMC and HCV-RNA,anti-HCV in serum were 42.31%(11/26),57.69 %(15/26),65.38 %(17/26)respectively.After the treatmentof routine drug,the negative rates of HCV-RNA in PBMCand HCV-RNA,anti-HCV in serum were 13.64 %(3/22),22.73 %(5/22),27.27 %(6/22)respectively.There washigh significant difference in the group treated with alpha2b interferon and the group treated with routine drugs(P<0.01-P<0.05).CONCLUSION:The mIL-2R can be induced by alpha 2binterferon during the treatment.The alpha 2b interferonhas a definite effect on the treatment of HCV-RNA in PBMC. The curative effect of alpha 2b interferon is better than thatof the routine drugs. AIM: To study the level of membrane interleukin-2 receptor (mIL-2R) on surface of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and the therapeutic efficacy of alpha 2b interferonon the treatment of HCV-RNA in PBMC of patients with chronic hepatitis C and to compare the negative rates of HCV-RNA in PBMC, HCV-RNA and anti-HCV in serum. METHODS: Before and after treatment of alpha 2binterferon, the level of mIL-2R of patients with chronic hepatitis C was detected by biotin- streptavidin (BSA) The treatment group (26 cases) was treated with alpha 2binterferon (3 MU / d) and control therapeutic group (22 cases) was treated with routine drugs (VitC, aspartic acid) .The total course of treatment with alpha 2b interferon and routinedrug was six months and per course of the treatment wasthree months. the levels of HCV-RNA in PBMC, HCV-RNA and anti-HCV in serum were detected before and after acourse of the treatment. RESULTS: Before and after treatment of alpha 2 binterferon and routine drugs, the levels of mIL-2R in silencestage (3.44 ± 0.77)% and (2.95 ± 0.72)%, the levels of rnIL-2R in inducement stage were (33.62 ± 3.95)% and (30.04 ± 3.73)%, respectively. There was a significant difference betweentwo groups (P < After treatment of alpha 2 binterferon with 3 MU / d for two courses of the treatment, the total negative rates of HCV-RNA in the PBMC and HCV-RNA, anti-HCV in serum were 42.31% (11/26 ), 57.69% (15/26), 65.38% (17/26) respectively. After the treatment of routine drug, the negative rates of HCV-RNA in PBMC and HCV-RNA, anti-HCV in serum were 13.64% ), 22.73% (5/22), 27.27% (6/22) respectively. Washigh significant difference in the group treated with alpha2b interferon and the group treated with routine drugs (P <0.01-P <0.05) .CONCLUSION: The The curative effect of alpha 2b interferon is better than that of the routine drugs.