目的了解黔南地区小学生生长发育及营养状况,为进一步改善小学生营养水平提供科学依据。方法采用分层整群抽样方法,选取黔南地区3县(市)3所小学共1140名小学生,测量身高、体质量,以NCHS/WHO参考值作为评价标准,采用评分方法进行营养评价。结果两县小学生的身高、体质量与都匀市小学生比较,后者身长发育指数优于两县(P<0.05或P<0.01);小学生低体质量检出率为0.53%,生长迟缓检出率为3.77%,消瘦检出率为45.71%,超重检出率为5.7%,肥胖检出率为33.95%。结论都匀市小学生身长发育指数优于瓮安、惠水两县小学生;黔南民族地区小学生消瘦率和肥胖率均高于全国水平,应引起重视,及时采取干预措施,尽早予以预防和控制。 Objective To understand the growth and nutritional status of primary school students in southern Guizhou and provide a scientific basis for further improving the nutritional level of primary school students. Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select 1140 primary school students from 3 primary schools in 3 counties of Qiannan Prefecture for height and body mass measurement. The NCHS / WHO reference value was used as evaluation criteria and the nutrition evaluation was conducted by using the score method. Results Compared with primary school students in Duyun City, the height and weight of pupils in two counties were better than those in Duyun (P <0.05 or P <0.01). The detection rate of low-grade pupils was 0.53% The rate was 3.77%, the detection rate of wasting was 45.71%, the detection rate of overweight was 5.7% and the detection rate of obesity was 33.95%. Conclusion The pupils’ developmental index of primary school students in Duyun is better than that of primary school students in Weng’an and Huishui counties. The weight loss and obesity rate of primary school students in Qiannan minority areas are higher than the national average level, which should be paid more attention and prompt interventions should be taken to prevent and control them as soon as possible.