所谓腐败,其实是一种国家公务人员(泛称“官员”)利用公共权力谋取私人利益(不仅是官员自身的,也包括官员相关人的)的特殊交易行为。从其危害性来看,腐败不仅是个政治问题(丑化党政形象)、社会问题(激化社会矛盾),而且是个经济问题(扭曲资源配置)、文化问题(消解公共价值)。从 The so-called corruption is actually a special transaction by a public servant of the state (commonly referred to as “official”) using public power to seek private interests (not only the officials themselves but also the officials involved). From its harmfulness, corruption is not only a political issue (to demonize the party and government image), a social issue (to intensify social conflicts), but also an economic issue (distorting the allocation of resources) and a cultural issue (to dissolve the public value). From