美国浪漫主义作家亨利..大卫.梭罗在当时文坛中,饱受非议。人们纷纷指责他只会跟随其导师爱默生的超验主义思想,没有自己独立的文学见解和思路。可如今,面对每况愈下的自然环境,人们才逐渐意识到梭罗作品中体现出的超前生态意识和自然关怀的重要意义。本文试图在解读文本《瓦尔登湖》的基础上,从生态伦理学的角度分析梭罗的超前生态思,通过对比梭罗自身所处的时代和当今时代特征,从而解答为什么对梭罗及其作品会有如此反差的评价和认识。 American romantic writer Henry .. David Thoreau was highly criticized in the literary world at that time. People have accused him of following his mentor Emerson’s transcendentalism without his own independent literary views and ideas. Nowadays, in the face of deteriorating natural environment, people are gradually realizing the significance of the advanced ecological consciousness and natural care embodied in Thoreau’s works. Based on the interpretation of the text “Walden Lake”, this paper attempts to analyze Thoreau’s advanced ecological thinking from the perspective of ecological ethics. By comparing Thoreau’s own time and the characteristics of the contemporary era, this paper explains why Thoreau and its Works will have such a negative evaluation and awareness.