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《晋书·祖逖传》:祖逖“中夜闻荒鸡鸣,蹴琨觉曰:‘此非恶声也。’因起舞。”后人遂以“闻鸡起舞”喻人应及时发奋振作,如《辞海》“闻鸡起舞”条:“刘琨和祖逖常常相互勉励振作,所以听到鸡鸣而起舞。后以‘闻鸡起舞’比喻壮士及时奋发。”是“闻鸡起舞”具褒义无疑。然《祖逖传》“史臣日”却说:“祖逖散谷周贫,闻鸡暗舞,思中原之燎火,幸天步之多艰,原其素怀,抑为贪乱者矣。”则非但无褒美之义,反倒加以贬斥。这是怎么回事呢?今试释之。
“Jin Shu ancestral Biography”: ancestral 逖 “midnight sigh of war, 蹴 Kun Yue said: ’This non-evil sound also.’ Because of the dance. ” Descendants then “smell chicken dance ” Yu people should be promptly Vigorous work, such as “Ci Hai” “Squawking” Article: “Liu Kun and ancestors often encourage each other cheer up, so hear the cock and dance. ”A compliment no doubt. However, “Biography of ancestors” “History of Japan” but said: “Ancestral San Valley weeks of poverty, smell the chicken dark dance, thinking of the Central Plains ignite the fire, fortunately, many steps, the prime of life, Chaos carry on. ”Not only does not praise the beauty of justice, but to be denounced. What is going on?