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蜡沉积是含蜡原油及其乳状液管输过程中的常见问题,深入研究蜡沉积问题对保障管道安全经济运行具有重要意义。基于此,对国内外含蜡原油及其乳状液蜡沉积的相关研究成果进行系统评述,具体包括:蜡沉积机制及影响因素,不同实验研究方法及其装置的优缺点,以及现有动力学模型,进而指出原油蜡沉积模型的构建机理、特点及待完善之处。含蜡原油乳状液蜡沉积模型均以单相原油蜡沉积模型为基础构建,总结了其构建方法,并对现有乳状液模型进行对比分析。通过对目前含蜡原油及其乳状液蜡沉积机理、模型、方法及装置等进行全面总结,为今后深入开展相关研究提供必要的参考。
Wax deposition is a common problem in the transportation of waxy crude oil and its emulsion liquid. In-depth study of wax deposition issues is of great significance to ensure the safe and economical operation of the pipeline. Based on this, the related research results of waxy crude oil and its emulsion wax deposition at home and abroad are systematically reviewed, including: wax deposition mechanism and influencing factors, different experimental research methods and their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the existing kinetic model , And then pointed out that the crude wax deposition model building mechanism, characteristics and to be perfect. The waxy crude oil emulsion wax deposition models were all constructed on the basis of the single-phase crude wax deposition model, and the construction methods were summarized. The existing emulsion model was compared and analyzed. By comprehensively summarizing the deposition mechanism, models, methods and devices of waxy crude oil and its emulsion wax, it will provide the necessary reference for further research in the future.