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渭河是影响陕西关中地区及甘肃东部工农业生产及人们生活的重要河流。为了探索近39年渭河上游主要气候变化特征,运用1971～2009年渭河上游流域11个气象站的资料,对气候因子变化特征进行了分析。结果表明,流域内降水呈下降趋势。温度以0.3℃/10a趋势上升,冬、春季增温趋势为0.4℃/10a,夏、秋季增温趋势不明显。潜在蒸散近年呈逐年上升趋势。降水减少、温度升高、潜在蒸散加强将不利于上游流域内及下游生态系统健康运行,加剧水资源的短缺程度。
Weihe River is an important river that affects the industrial and agricultural production and people’s life in the Guanzhong region of Shaanxi and eastern Gansu. In order to explore the main climate changes in the upper reaches of the Weihe River in recent 39 years, the characteristics of climatic factors were analyzed based on the data of 11 weather stations in the upper Weihe River basin from 1971 to 2009. The results show that the precipitation in the basin shows a decreasing trend. The temperature increased with the trend of 0.3 ℃ / 10a. The warming trend in winter and spring was 0.4 ℃ / 10a. The warming trend in summer and autumn was not obvious. Potential evapotranspiration in recent years showed a rising trend year by year. Precipitation reduction, temperature rise and the strengthening of potential evapotranspiration will not be conducive to the healthy operation of ecosystems in the upper and lower reaches of the upper reaches of the basin, exacerbating the shortage of water resources.