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目的了解城市职业人群健康状况及影响因素,为制定相关评价指标提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层抽样方法,在辽宁省丹东、营口市抽取18~60岁城市公务员、科技人员、企事业管理人员、教师、体力劳动者5类职业人群进行问卷调查,采用社会支持评定量表对其获得社会支持状况进行评价。结果本次调查共收回有效问卷2 391份,调查对象社会支持评定量表总分平均分为(40.80±8.64)分,5类职业人群中,公务员量表总分最高,为(43.92±7.88)分,其他依次为科技人员(41.05±8.03)分,教师(40.60±8.08)分,企事业管理人员(39.84±10.42)分,体力劳动者(38.51±7.66)分(P=0.000);多元线性回归分析结果,与体力劳动者比较,公务员量表总分较高(P=0.000);与未婚者比较,已婚者量表总分较高(P=0.000);受教育程度越高,年龄越大,收入低者,量表总分越高(P<0.005)。结论城市5类职业人群中,体力劳动者获取社会支持状况较差;社会支持状况与年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、经济状况、职业等有关。
Objective To understand the health status and influential factors of urban occupational groups and provide scientific evidence for the development of relevant evaluation indexes. Methods A multi-stage stratified sampling method was used to survey five categories of urban civil servants, scientists and technicians, managers, teachers and manual workers from 18 to 60 years old in Dandong and Yingkou, Liaoning Province. Table on the status of their access to social support for evaluation. Results A total of 2 391 valid questionnaires were collected. The total score of the social support rating scale was 40.80 ± 8.64. Among the 5 occupational groups, the highest score of the civil service scale was (43.92 ± 7.88) (41.05 ± 8.03), teachers (40.60 ± 8.08), enterprises and administrative staff (39.84 ± 10.42), and manual workers (38.51 ± 7.66) points (P = 0.000). The multiple linear The results of regression analysis showed that the total score of civil service scale was higher than that of manual workers (P = 0.000). Compared with unmarried people, the total score of married people was higher (P = 0.000). The higher education level, The larger the lower the income, the higher the total score (P <0.005). Conclusion Among the five occupational groups in urban areas, the manual workers get poor social support. The status of social support is related to age, education level, marital status, economic status and occupation.