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氚(~3H,Tritium)是一种放射性核素,半衰期为12.33 a,衰变发射的β粒子最大能量为18.6 keV,在水或人体组织中的最大射程约为5μm,射程较短,对人体造成的外照射危害可以忽略,因此国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)把氚归类为低毒组放射性核素~([1])。作为氢(~1H)唯一的放射性同位素,氚的理化性质与氢
Tritium (~ 3H, Tritium) is a radionuclide with a half-life of 12.33 a. The maximum energy of decay emitted β particles is 18.6 keV and the maximum range in water or human tissues is about 5 μm. Therefore, the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) classified tritium as a low toxicity radionuclide ~ ([1]). As hydrogen (~ 1H) only radioisotope, the physical and chemical properties of tritium and hydrogen