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目的了解济南市市售蔬菜中农药残留情况,评估蔬菜中农药残留的慢性膳食暴露风险。方法对2010—2012年济南市市售蔬菜的农药残留情况进行分析,以2002年山东省居民营养与健康状况调查和中国居民膳食指南中推荐的蔬菜摄入量及JMPR制定的ADI为参数,应用国际每日膳食摄入评估法对济南市居民蔬菜中农药残留的慢性膳食暴露风险进行评估。结果共监测样品675份,有机磷类农药(乐果和乙酰甲胺磷)的检出率为3.93%(13/331),超标率为2.11%(7/331);拟除虫菊酯类农药(甲氰菊酯和氯菊脂)的检出率为9.91%(21/212),超标率为6.60%(14/212);氨基甲酸酯类农药(抗蚜威和异丙威)的检出率为7.58%(10/132),超标率为5.30%(7/132)。经评估各类农药的摄入量均小于ADI。结论济南市市售蔬菜农药残留量在安全限制之内,居民蔬菜中农药残留的慢性膳食暴露风险小,但农药残留超标现象普遍,应规范和加强农药的使用和管理。
Objective To understand the pesticide residues in vegetables sold in Jinan City and to evaluate the chronic dietary exposure to pesticide residues in vegetables. Methods The pesticide residues of vegetables on the market in Jinan City from 2010 to 2012 were analyzed. Based on the survey of nutrition and health status of residents in Shandong Province in 2002 and the recommended intake of vegetables and the ADI formulated by JMPR in Chinese dietary guidelines, The International Daily Dietary Intake Assessment Act assesses the risk of chronic dietary exposure to pesticide residues in vegetables of Jinan residents. Results A total of 675 samples were detected. The detection rates of organophosphate pesticides (dimethoate and acephate) were 3.93% (13/331) and the excess rate was 2.11% (7/331). The pyrethroid pesticides The detection rates of fenpropathrin and fenvalerate were 9.91% (21/212) and 6.60% (14/212) respectively. The detection of carbamates (pirimicarb and isoprocarb) The rate was 7.58% (10/132) and the rate of over standard rate was 5.30% (7/132). The assessed intake of various pesticides was less than ADI. Conclusion The residues of vegetable pesticides on the market in Jinan are within the safety limits. The risk of chronic dietary exposure to pesticide residues in vegetables is low, but the pesticide residues are over standard, and the use and management of pesticides should be regulated and strengthened.