吉林省实行承包制,自1982年开始至今已有六个年头。首先在一些亏损和微利企业实行扭亏包干、利润承包,继而又对一些企业实行递增包干、定额包干和超基数分成。1986年以来,我们先后又提出把竞争机制、激励机制、约束机制、风险原则引入承包,使承包制越来越具有丰富的内涵。实践表明,承包制具有很大的制度容量。它牵动性大,适应性强,兼容性好,具有“依托旧体制,生长新体制”的功能。承包制在完善企业机制方面,为价格改革做了必要的准备。我们体会较深的有这样几点:——用合同管理取代直接管理,强化企业相对独立的意识和地位,推动企业要权、政府还权,逐步实现政企分开、两权分离。在承包中我们引入合同管理,使政企分开、两权分离迈出了一大步。合同管理使企业滋生“独立”意识,确立了企业 Jilin Province has implemented a contract system, which has been in existence for six years since 1982. First, in some loss-making and profit-making enterprises, they have implemented deficit contracting and contracting, profit contracting, and then implemented incremental contracting, quota contracting, and super-basic division of some enterprises. Since 1986, we have successively proposed introducing competition mechanisms, incentive mechanisms, restraint mechanisms, and risk principles into contracting so that the contracting system has increasingly rich connotations. Practice shows that the contracting system has a large institutional capacity. It is highly relevant, adaptable, and has good compatibility. It has the function of relying on the old system and growing a new system. The contracting system has made necessary preparations for price reforms in improving corporate mechanisms. We have deeper understanding of these points: - Replace direct management with contract management, strengthen the awareness and status of the company’s relative independence, promote the right of the enterprise, the government repay the right, and gradually realize the separation of government and enterprise, separation of the two powers. In contracting, we have introduced contract management to make separation of government and enterprise and separation of the two powers a big step forward. Contract management enables companies to develop “independent” awareness and establish a business