村民自治是现阶段我国农村村民直接行使民主权利,依法实行自我管理、自我教育、自我服务的的民主形式,是中国特色社会主义基层民主的重要形式之一。随着城市化进程的不断推进,村民自治也面临一系列新的挑战,主要包括:人口流动带来的挑战;农村经营方式多样化带来的挑战;农民失地带来的挑战。认真研究这些新问题,并提出相应对策,是当前面临的一项重大课题。 Villager self-government is one of the most important forms of democracy at the grassroots level of socialism with Chinese characteristics. It is a form of democracy that rural villagers in China directly exercise their democratic rights and practice self-management, self-education and self-service according to law. With the progress of urbanization, villagers ’autonomy is also facing a series of new challenges, including: the challenges posed by population mobility; the challenges brought about by the diversification of rural management modes; and the challenges brought by peasants’ loss of land. To seriously study these new issues and put forward corresponding countermeasures is a major issue currently facing us.