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利用分子标记PPO18和STS01对173份供试小麦品种Ppo2-A和Ppo2-D位点的等位基因变异进行分子检测,并根据品种间不同PPO等位基因组合类型将供试小麦品种进行分类,同时对多酚氧化酶PPO活性进行生化测定及面粉白度测定分析。结果表明,173份小麦品种共检测出Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1a、Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1b、Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1a和Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b4种等位基因组合类型,且各基因组合类型出现的频率分别为38.7%、13.9%、35.8%和11.6%;供试小麦品种不同位点PPO等位基因出现的频率差异较大,2A位点等位基因Ppo-A1a、Ppo-A1b出现频率相近,而2D位点等位基因Ppo-D1a出现频率是Ppo-D1b的3倍;所测定的173份小麦品种PPO活性均值为117.3A475/(min.mg),其中低PPO品种所占比例较高;4种基因组合类型PPO活性顺序为Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b>Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1a>Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1b>Ppo-A1b/Ppo-D1a,且彼此间差异均达到显著水平(P<0.05);供试小麦的面粉白度均值为73.0%,达到国家面粉白度等级一级标准的品种38份,占供试小麦总数的22.0%;其中基因组合为Ppo-A1a/Ppo-D1b的品种面粉白度显著低于其他3种基因组合。总体来看,供试的小麦品种间面粉白度及籽粒PPO活性变异范围较广,面粉白度与PPO活性呈显著负相关,且控制PPO的主效基因的等位变异对PPO活性及面粉白度均有显著影响。对供试小麦品种的面粉白度、PPO活性表现及PPO等位基因组合类型进行综合考察,筛选出23份具有高白度低PPO活性的小麦品种,可以作为高白度低PPO活性小麦育种的亲本材料。
The molecular markers PPO18 and STS01 were used to detect the allelic variations of Ppo2-A and Ppo2-D in 173 wheat cultivars. The wheat cultivars were classified according to different combinations of PPO alleles. At the same time, the polyphenol oxidase PPO activity biochemical determination and flour whiteness analysis. The results showed that allelic combinations of Ppo-A1b / Ppo-D1a, Ppo-A1b / Ppo-D1b, Ppo-A1a / Ppo-D1a and Ppo-A1a / Ppo-D1b were detected in 173 wheat cultivars, The frequency of occurrence of PPO alleles was 38.7%, 13.9%, 35.8% and 11.6%, respectively. The frequencies of PPO alleles at different loci were significantly different among the tested wheat cultivars. The frequencies of allele Ppo-A1a and Ppo- A1b appeared nearly the same frequency, while the frequency of Ppo-D1a in 2D locus was three times that of Ppo-D1b. The average PPO activity of 173 wheat cultivars was 117.3A475 / (min.mg) (Ppo-A1a / Ppo-D1b> Ppo-A1a / Ppo-D1a> Ppo-A1b / Ppo-D1b> Ppo-A1b / Ppo-D1a) in the four genotypes, (P <0.05). The average wheat flour whiteness was 73.0%, 38 varieties reached the first grade of national flour whiteness grade, accounting for 22.0% of the total wheat tested; the genetic combination was Ppo The flour whiteness of -A1a / Ppo-D1b was significantly lower than the other three combinations. Overall, there was a wide range of variability in flour whiteness and PPO activity among wheat cultivars tested. There was a significant negative correlation between whiteness of flour and PPO activity. Allelic variation of major gene controlling PPO had no significant effect on PPO activity and flour white Degree have a significant impact. Twenty-three wheat cultivars with high whiteness and low PPO activity were screened for flour whiteness, PPO activity and PPO allelic combinations of the tested wheat cultivars, which could be bred as high whiteness and low PPO activity wheat Parent material.