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在成功获得翘嘴鲌减数分裂型雌核发育鱼的基础上,观察比较了雌核发育胚胎与单倍体胚胎和普通胚胎的发育特征及时序差异,探讨了冷休克处理对胚胎发育的影响及完善雌核发育胚胎孵化管理的措施,并对雌核发育翘嘴鲌成鱼进行了形态学特征分析。结果表明:(1)与普通胚胎相比,雌核发育胚胎受精率较低且仔鱼畸形率较高,单倍体孵化率极低。(2)雌核发育组胚胎出现不规则细胞分裂、卵膜破裂、卵黄囊凝集及单倍体综合征等现象,其中原肠期和出膜前期为胚胎死亡高峰期。(3)雌核发育二倍体与普通胚胎的发育特征相似,卵裂至原肠期阶段发育特别缓慢,原肠期以后,各期发育所用时间与普通胚胎基本相同;单倍体胚胎卵裂开始至囊胚阶段,发育速度与普通胚胎无明显差异,在原肠期阶段发育滞后,其他时期一直处于缓慢状态,仔鱼具有明显的单倍体综合症。(4)雌核发育系体型较普通翘嘴鲌已经发生了一定的变化。
On the basis of successfully obtaining meiosis gynogenetic fish, the developmental characteristics and timing differences of gynogenetic embryos, haploid embryos and common embryos were observed and compared, and the effects of cold shock treatment on embryonic development And to improve the management of gynogenetic embryos incubation measures, and gynogenetic Culter finfish into a morphological characteristics of the analysis. The results showed that: (1) Compared with normal embryos, the fertilization rate of gynogenetic embryos was lower and larval malformation rate was higher, haploid hatching rate was extremely low. (2) There were irregular cell division, rupture of egg membrane, yolk sac agglutination and haploid syndrome in gynogenetic embryos, among which the embryonic stage and embryonic stage were embryonic death peak. (3) The developmental characteristics of diploid gynogenetic embryos were similar to those of normal embryos. The development from the cleavage stage to the stage of gastrula was particularly slow. After the gastrula stage, the development time was basically the same as that of the normal embryo. The haploid embryonic cleavage Beginning to the blastocyst stage, the growth rate was no significant difference with the normal embryos, lag in the stages of gastrulation, the rest of the period has been in a slow state, larvae have obvious haploid syndrome. (4) The gynogenetic line type has a certain degree of change compared with the common Alice mouth 鲌.