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颈动脉体位于颈动脉分叉处,体积较小,在缺氧的急性适应过程中起着重要作用,是头颈部副神经节瘤最常见的发生部位。尽管大多数颈动脉体瘤生长缓慢,属良性病变,但由于其紧邻头颈部重要的动脉和神经,严重者仍可造成死亡。颈动脉体瘤的发生与遗传因素和慢性缺氧刺激有关。最新的研究认为,颈动脉体瘤的发生与线粒体呼吸链复合体Ⅱ上的亚单位SDHB、SDHC和SDHD的种系突变和11q13基因的位点突变有关。本文就目前有关颈动脉体瘤发生机制的分子生物学研究进展做一综述。
Carotid body located in the bifurcation of the carotid artery, smaller, plays an important role in the process of acute adaptation to hypoxia, head and neck paraganglioma is the most common site of occurrence. Although most carotid body tumors grow slowly and are benign, they can still cause death due to their close proximity to important arteries and nerves in the head and neck. Occurrence of carotid body tumor and genetic factors and chronic hypoxia-related. Recent studies suggest that the occurrence of carotid body tumor is associated with the germline mutation of the subunits SDHB, SDHC and SDHD and the site mutation of the 11q13 gene in the respiratory chain complex II of mitochondria. This review summarizes the progress in the molecular biology of the pathogenesis of carotid body tumors.