针对航空发动机的故障,设计了基于观测器的鲁棒故障诊断器。介绍了故障诊断中残差生成的一般形式和干扰解耦的基本原理。针对建模中存在的模型不确定性问题,在假定干扰分布已知的前提下,设计了鲁棒残差生成器,实现了残差对干扰解耦的目标,最后仿真模拟了燃油计量活门和尾喷管作动筒故障的情形。仿真结果表明,所设计的鲁棒残差生成器产生的残差具有对干扰低敏感而对故障高敏感的特性,实现了残差对干扰解耦的目标。 For aeroengine faults, an observer-based robust fault diagnostic is designed. The general form of residual generation in fault diagnosis and the basic principle of interference decoupling are introduced. Aiming at the problem of model uncertainty existing in modeling, a robust residual generator is designed on the premise of knowing that the interference distribution is known, and the target of decoupling of residual error is achieved. Finally, the fuel metering valve and End nozzle actuator failure situation. The simulation results show that the residuals generated by the robust residual generator are sensitive to disturbance and sensitive to faults, and achieve the goal of residual error decoupling.