目的:由于遗传因素和环境污染,各国的出生缺陷率逐渐增高,通过产前筛查,对筛查阳性及高危妊娠者进行羊膜腔穿刺,检查羊水确诊,降低出生缺陷率。方法:产前诊断是预测宫内胎儿是否患有某种缺陷的方法,包括妊娠期B型超声诊断,血清学筛查,最终确诊需依靠羊膜腔穿刺后羊水的各项检查,羊膜腔穿刺也是高危儿产前介入性治疗的常用途径。结果:降低出生缺陷率,提高出生人口素质。结论:通过对妊娠妇女产前筛查、B超形态学诊断,有针对性地开展羊膜腔穿刺,减少妊娠妇女不必要的创伤性检查,提高工作效率。 Objective: Due to genetic factors and environmental pollution, the incidence of birth defects in all countries gradually increased. Through prenatal screening, amniocentesis was performed on screening positive and high-risk pregnancies to confirm the diagnosis of amniotic fluid and reduce the birth defect rate. Methods: Prenatal diagnosis is a method of predicting whether a fetus has a defect in a uterine fetus, including diagnosis of type B ultrasound during pregnancy, serological screening and final diagnosis of amniotic fluid after amniocentesis, and amniocentesis Common Ways to Prenatal Interventional Treatment of High Risk Children. Results: Reduce the birth defect rate and improve the quality of the birth population. Conclusion: Through prenatal screening and B-mode morphological diagnosis of pregnant women, amniocentesis is targeted to reduce the unnecessary traumatic examination of pregnant women and improve work efficiency.