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一般说来,我们常用电石(CaC_2)与水反应,制得乙炔气体,因电石中含有杂质,使产生的乙炔气体中,含有少量剧毒的磷化氢和硫化氢气体,伴着极其难闻的大蒜臭味和腐蛋臭味,既掩盖了乙炔本来面目,又污染了空气。 为了达到纯化目的工业上,常采用重铬酸和次氯酸钠溶液,氧化除去,在实验中,我们可用酸性硫酸铜溶液除去,磷化氢稳定性差,还原能力强,当它的浓度足够大时,能从铜盐溶液中将金属置换出来;硫化氢则在酸性溶液中与铜离子反应生成黑色的硫化铜沉淀,反应的离子方程式: H_2S+Cu~(2+)=CuS↓黑+2H~+
Generally speaking, we often use calcium carbide (CaC 2 ) to react with water to produce acetylene gas. Since calcium carbide contains impurities, the generated acetylene gas contains a small amount of highly toxic phosphine and hydrogen sulfide gas, accompanied by extremely unpleasant Garlic odor and rotten egg odor both mask the original appearance of acetylene and pollute the air. In order to achieve the purpose of purification, industrially, dichromic acid and sodium hypochlorite are often used for oxidation removal. In the experiment, we can remove acidic ferrous sulfate solution. The stability of phosphine is poor and the reduction ability is strong. When its concentration is large enough, it can The metal is displaced from the copper salt solution; hydrogen sulphide reacts with copper ions in an acidic solution to produce a black copper sulfide precipitate. The ion equation for the reaction is: H 2 S + Cu 2+ = CuS ↓ black + 2H + +