讨论任何问题,都有一个历史的方法问题。历史的方法就是实事求是,是其所是,非其所非;不能“想当然”,也不能凭感情好恶、主观愿望。如传统与现代化,就是这样的问题。我研究欧洲问题,总自觉或不自觉地同中国的历史互相参照。由此得出的一条结论,就是欧洲的传统文明是从自身的演变开出现代化的;而中国却 There is a historical methodological issue to discuss any question. The method of history is to seek truth from facts, what it does and what is wrong with it; we can not “take it for granted” and we can not rely on feelings or likes and dislikes and subjective wishes. Such as tradition and modernization, is such a problem. I study the European question, always consciously or unconsciously with China’s history with each other. The conclusion drawn from this is that the traditional European civilization is modernized from its own evolution; whereas China