heparosan为糖胺聚糖家族一员,是肝素和硫酸乙酰肝素(HS)生物合成及化学-酶合成的关键前体。肝素和HS是一类重要的糖胺聚糖,作为抗凝血药广泛应用。目前商品化肝素和HS主要从动物中提取。采用heparosan作为起始物,经化学或生物学修饰生产肝素和HS是一种有希望的替代方式。heparosan是某些细菌荚膜多糖成分,可从微生物中提取或采用重组酶体外合成。本文对用于制备生物工程肝素和HS的heparosan的生产作一综述。 Heparin, a member of the glycosaminoglycan family, is a key precursor for heparin and heparan sulfate (HS) biosynthesis and chemical-enzyme synthesis. Heparin and HS are a class of important glycosaminoglycans that are widely used as anticoagulants. At present, commercialized heparin and HS are mainly extracted from animals. The use of heparosan as a starting material for the chemical or biological modification of heparin and HS is a promising alternative. Heparin is a component of certain bacterial capsular polysaccharides that can be extracted from microorganisms or synthesized in vitro using recombinases. This article reviews the production of heparosan for the preparation of bioengineered heparins and HS.