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本文根据信息加工理论,归纳了学生在数学解题各个阶段出现的常见思维障碍:1.在信息输入阶段有信息提取缺失和信息提取失真;2.在信息加工阶段有思维定势和思维的灵活性障碍;3.在信息输出阶段有思维的连续性障碍和思维的逻辑性障碍;4.在信息的反馈阶段有思维的反思性障碍和思维的惰性障碍。并提出了克服数学解题思维障碍的对策:1.组块策略;2.编码策略;3.迁移策略;4.目的——手段分析策略;5.序化策略;6.元认知策略。
According to the theory of information processing, this paper summarizes the common thinking obstacles that students appear in all stages of mathematical problem solving: 1. There is lack of information extraction and information extraction in the stage of information input; 2. There is flexibility in thinking and thinking in information processing phase Sexual barriers; 3. In the information output phase, there are logical barriers to thinking and logical barriers to thinking; 4. Reflective barriers to thinking and lazy barriers to thinking in the feedback phase of information. And puts forward the countermeasures to overcome the thinking obstacle of solving math problems: 1. Chunk strategy; 2. Coding strategy; 3. Migration strategy; 4. Purpose - Means analysis strategy; 5. Sequence strategy; 6. Metacognitive strategy.