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三江并流区名列中国生物多样性保护17个“关键地区”的第一位,是中国生物多样性最丰富的区域,同时也是亚洲大陆物种多样性最丰富的地区。三江并流区位于我国西南边疆欠发达地区,少数民族聚居,社会经济发展相对滞后,区域公路建设任务十分繁重,但公路的建设不可避免地将对生物多样性造成破坏。在这样发展与保护的矛盾背景下,研究公路建设对生物多样性的影响,妥善处理经济发展与环境保护的关系是区域公路建设十分关注的问题。本文基于三江并流区2020年公路旅游环线规划,宏观分析了公路建设对区域生物多样性造成的影响及控制对策,并对未来路网规划提出了原则性建议,以期在满足公路建设目标的同时,最大程度地减小对生物多样性的破坏风险,为保障区域生态安全提供参考。
The Three Parallel Rivers District is ranked No.1 in 17 key areas in biodiversity conservation in China. It is the most biodiverse area in China and is also the most species-rich area in the Asian continent. The Three Parallel Rivers are located in the underdeveloped areas of the southwestern border of our country. The ethnic minorities live in concentrated communities with lagging social and economic development. The tasks of regional highway construction are very heavy. However, the construction of the highway will inevitably cause damage to the biodiversity. Under the background of such conflicts between development and protection, studying the impact of highway construction on biodiversity and properly handling the relationship between economic development and environmental protection are issues of great concern to regional highway construction. Based on the planning of the highway tourism circulation in the Three Parallel Rivers in 2020, the paper analyzes macroscopically the impact of highway construction on the regional biodiversity and the control measures, and puts forward the principle recommendations for the future road network planning. In order to meet the highway construction goals , To minimize the risk of damage to biodiversity and provide reference for ensuring regional ecological security.