国民政府时期,为适应现代城市发展需要,上海市政府对殡葬方式进行了改革。在华洋两种制度并存的“双轨制”环境中,随着租界各项建设的展开,因为中外丧葬观念、城市生存空间、公共卫生、资金来源等因素的影响,冢舍问题成为中外纷争的焦点之一;同时,租界公墓制以合理的地理位置、普遍的服务对象、科学的殡葬方式、现代的管理体制、简单的丧仪,给国人完全不同的现实体验,引发国人对都市中传统冢舍的重新思考。在租界的示范效应下,市政府禁革冢舍与建设公墓双管齐下,将殡葬设施的建设和殡葬事务的管理纳入整个市政建设规划中。然而,在实际操作过程中,双管齐下的丧葬改革并没有如预想的那样迅速取得成效,其原因一是在于政府财力有限,建设多端,政局动荡,积习难改;二是中国传统社会心理对于公墓制的接受仍需要一个较为长期的过程;三是丧葬礼俗涉及宗法观念和民间信仰两大要素,变革难度最大。 During the period of the National Government, in order to meet the needs of the development of modern cities, the Shanghai municipal government conducted a reform on the funeral arrangements. With the co-existence of the two systems in both China and foreign countries, with the development of various concessions in the concession, due to the influence of funeral concepts, urban living space, public health and funding sources, At the same time, the concession cemetery made a completely different realistic experience to the people in a rational geographical position, universal service object, scientific funeral mode, modern management system and simple funeral ceremony, Otsuka rethinking. In the model effect of the concession, the municipal government banned the Cultural Revolution and the construction of a two-pronged cemetery, the construction of funeral facilities and funeral affairs management into the entire municipal construction plan. However, during the actual operation, the two-pronged funeral reform did not achieve any rapid results as expected. One of the reasons for this is that the government has limited financial resources, multiple construction projects and political turmoil, The acceptance still requires a relatively long-term process; third, funeral rituals involve the two elements of patriarchal conception and folk belief, and the reform is most difficult.