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研究在不同轮轨联合粗糙度激励下,辐板安装式刹车盘对地铁车轮声辐射特性的影响。在数值计算中,首先根据地铁车轮的实际尺寸建立其三维实体有限元模型,基于分块兰索斯法计算其固有频率特性,基于模态叠加法计算车轮有无辐板安装式刹车盘时在轮轨名义接触点处四种典型轮轨联合粗糙度激励下的动态响应。然后由其振动结果,生成声学网格的速度边界条件,利用声学边界元法计算车轮的声辐射特征。讨论并比较在各种不同轮轨联合粗糙度激励下,在车轮显著共振峰处,辐板安装式刹车盘对车轮辐板轴向振动和车轮辐射声功率的影响。并结合辐射声场云图、声辐射指向性图,讨论辐板安装式刹车盘对车轮轴向辐射声场指向性的影响。结果表明,原车轮声辐射主要来自车轮辐板轴向贡献;在不同轮轨联合粗糙度激励下,刹车盘均能很好地抑制辐板的轴向振动并起到辐板声屏障的作用,从而对车轮的直线滚动噪声有良好的抑制作用。
The effect of spoke plate-mounted brake disc on the radiation characteristics of metro car wheels under different combined wheel / rail roughness is studied. In the numerical calculation, the three-dimensional solid finite element model of the metro wheel is established based on the actual size of the metro wheel. The natural frequency characteristics of the metro wheel are calculated based on the block Lansos method. When the wheel has a plate-mounted brake disc Dynamic Response of Four Typical Wheel-rail Joint Roughness Excitations at Wheel-Mount Nominal Contact Points. Then from the vibration results, the velocity boundary conditions of the acoustic grid are generated, and the acoustic radiation characteristics of the wheels are calculated by acoustic boundary element method. The influence of the plate-mounted brake disc on the axial vibration of the spoke plate and the radiation power of the wheel at the significant resonance peak of the wheel under different kinds of wheel-rail joint roughness excitation is discussed and compared. Combining the radiation sound field cloud pattern and the sound radiation directivity pattern, the influence of the spoke plate-mounted brake disc on the radial directivity of the radiation field of the wheel is discussed. The results show that the main wheel sound radiation comes from the axial contribution of the wheel spoke plate. Under the different wheel-rail combined roughness excitation, the brake disc can well restrain the axial vibration of the spoke plate and play the role of the sound barrier of the spoke plate. Thus the wheel’s rolling noise has a good inhibitory effect.