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【背景】芒果蛎蚧属于盾蚧类昆虫,食性杂,分布广,是危害热带和亚热带水果、蔬菜和园林植物的重要害虫,主要随水果、苗木和交通工具等介质进行远距离传播。该虫被列入中华人民共和国进境植物检疫性有害生物名录。惠州口岸于2014年12月从芬兰进境的货物中截获该虫,属于我国口岸首次截获。【方法】在收集整理芒果蛎蚧的生物学、地理学等信息的基础上,介绍了芒果蛎蚧的主要形态特征、地理分布、寄主植物和生物学特性,并分析了该有害生物入侵我国的风险。【结果】芒果蛎蚧雌成虫为椭圆形,长约1.2 mm,触角每侧有1根长毛,每侧前气门有3个盘状腺,形态特征与近似种Lepidosaphes camelliae和Lepidosaphes pallida非常相似。风险分析表明,我国广东、广西、海南、云南、福建、台湾以及四川等省非常适合芒果蛎蚧生存和危害。芒果蛎蚧入侵我国会给芒果等果树造成危害,给相关产业带来损失,影响从业人员收入,还影响生态环境,可能导致生态灾难。【结论与意义】芒果蛎蚧有入侵我国的可能,加强检疫是防范该虫入侵的主要手段,生物防治是治理该虫的重要措施。
【Background】 Mango Oyster Kuwana belongs to the insects of Kuwana. It is a pest-eating insect with wide distribution. It is an important pest that endangers tropical, subtropical fruits, vegetables and garden plants. It mainly spreads with media such as fruits, seedlings and vehicles. The insect was included in the People’s Republic of China phytosanitary list of imported pests. The pest was intercepted by Huizhou Port from the goods entering Finland from December 2014 and it was the first interception of China’s port. 【Method】 The main morphological characteristics, geographical distribution, host plants and biological characteristics of Mango oyster scales were introduced based on the collection of information on biology and geography of Manglietia ovale, and the impacts of the pest invasion on our country risk. 【Result】 The results showed that the female adult oyster was oval, about 1.2 mm long, with one long hair on each side of the antennae and three disk-shaped glands on each side of the front valve. Morphological characteristics were similar to Lepidosaphes camelliae and Lepidosaphes pallida. Risk analysis shows that the provinces of Guangdong, Guangxi, Hainan, Yunnan, Fujian, Taiwan and Sichuan are very suitable for the survival and harm of mango oyster. Mango oyster scale invasion of China will give mangos and other fruit trees, causing damage to related industries, affecting employees income, but also affect the ecological environment, may lead to ecological disaster. 【Conclusion and significance】 Mango oyster scales may invade our country, strengthening quarantine is the main means to prevent the invasion of insects, biological control is an important measure to control the insects.