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端粒是位于染色体末端的DNA片段 ,具有稳定染色体结构的功能 ,它随细胞的增殖而缩短。端粒酶是重新合成端粒DNA片段的一种核糖核酸蛋白酶 ,其活化可维持端粒的长度和功能 ,使细胞永生化或成为癌细胞。本文在对端粒和端粒酶认识的基础上综述了膀胱癌、癌旁组织中端粒酶活性的研究和脱落细胞中端粒酶活性表达在膀胱癌诊断中的研究进展以及膀胱癌的抗端粒酶治疗。
Telomeres are DNA fragments located at the ends of chromosomes that function to stabilize the structure of the chromosome and shorten as cells proliferate. Telomerase is a ribonuclease that re-synthesizes telomeric DNA fragments. Its activation can maintain telomere length and function, make cells immortalized or become cancer cells. Based on the understanding of telomere and telomerase, this review summarizes the research progress of telomerase activity in bladder cancer and paracancerous tissues and the expression of telomerase activity in exfoliated cells in the diagnosis of bladder cancer, Telomerase treatment.