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以‘中棉所41号’(耐盐品种)和‘中棉所49号’(中等耐盐品种)为试验材料,采用水杨酸(SA)浸种+叶面喷施复合处理,通过温室盆栽试验探究了0.60%NaCl胁迫下外源SA对棉花幼苗生长、渗透调节能力和抗氧化能力的影响。结果表明:(1)NaCl胁迫显著抑制了棉花幼苗的生长,外源SA处理下棉花幼苗的株高、叶面积、干物质质量、根系活力、根冠比均有升高,叶片中丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性糖(SS)、可溶性蛋白(SP)和脯氨酸(Pro)含量增加,叶片和根系中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著提高,且棉花幼苗根系的SOD、POD和CAT活性小于叶片,SA处理对棉花幼苗根系酶活力的提高幅度大于叶片。(2)SA浸种+叶面喷施复合处理对0.60%NaCl胁迫的缓解作用优于单独SA浸种处理,尤以0.05mmol·L~(-1)浸种+0.2mmol·L~(-1)叶面喷施处理最好。(3)两品种比较,SA对‘中棉所49号’的盐胁迫缓解作用大于‘中棉所41号’,且以棉花幼苗根系生长发育的表现最为显著;外源SA使‘中棉所41号’的根系活力提高10.58%~57.56%,‘中棉所49号’提高15.08%~80.48%。研究发现,外源SA能通过调控棉花幼苗的渗透调节和抗氧化能力来减轻细胞膜损伤,提高其耐盐性,但缓解效应在不同耐性品种和处理方式间存在明显差异。
Using ’Zhongmianshe No.41’ (salt tolerant variety) and ’Zhongmianshu No49’ (medium salt tolerant variety) as test materials, SA (SA) soaking + foliar spraying combined treatment, The effects of exogenous SA on growth, osmotic adjustment and antioxidant capacity of cotton seedlings under 0.60% NaCl stress were investigated. The results showed that: (1) NaCl stress significantly inhibited the growth of cotton seedlings. The plant height, leaf area, dry matter quality, root activity and root / shoot ratio of cotton seedlings increased with the treatment of exogenous SA, (MDA), soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP) and proline (Pro) in leaves and roots, CAT activity increased significantly, and the activities of SOD, POD and CAT in cotton seedling roots were less than those in leaves. SA treatment increased the root enzyme activity of cotton seedlings more than leaves. (2) The effect of SA seedling + foliar spray treatment on the alleviation of 0.60% NaCl stress was better than that of SA alone, especially 0.05mmol·L -1 soaking + 0.2mmol·L -1 leaf Spray treatment best. (3) Compared with the two cultivars, SA alleviates the salt stress of ’Zhongmianshu 49’ more than that of ’Zhongmiansuo 41’ and the most obvious is the growth and development of cotton seedling roots. The root activity of “41” increased by 10.58% -57.56%, while that of ’CIMC No. 49’ increased by 15.08% -80.48%. The results showed that exogenous SA can alleviate cell membrane damage and improve salt tolerance by regulating osmotic adjustment and antioxidant capacity of cotton seedlings. However, there are significant differences in alleviating effects between different resistant varieties and treatments.