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目的了解蒙古族学生性发育状况,以便为青春期健康教育工作提供依据。方法选择7~18岁蒙古族学生,采用概率单位回归法和逐步回归分析,研究蒙古族学生月经初潮和首次遗精平均年龄及其与体质的关系。结果蒙古族女生初潮最早年龄城、乡均为10岁;全部来潮年龄城市为16岁,乡村18岁仍未达100%。初潮平均年龄城、乡分别为12.96和13.44岁,城市较乡村早0.48岁。男生最早首次遗精年龄城、乡均为11岁;全部首次遗精年龄城市男生18岁,乡村男生18岁尚未达100%。首次遗精平均年龄城乡分别为14.14与15.15岁,城市较乡村早了1.01岁。月经初潮和首次遗精均比全国平均年龄晚。结论蒙古族学生月经初潮和首次遗精平均年龄及最早发生年龄存在提前趋势。形态发育指标与青春期发育有密切关系。
Objective To understand the sexual development of Mongolian students in order to provide the basis for adolescent health education. Methods Mongolian students aged 7-18 were selected to study the relationship between Mongolian students’ average age of menarche and first spermatorrhea and their relationship with constitution by means of regression and stepwise regression analysis. Results The earliest age of menarche of Mongolian girls was 10 years old. The urban age of all cramps was 16 years old, and the age of 18 years did not reach 100% in rural areas. The average age of menarche, township, respectively 12.96 and 13.44 years old, urban earlier than the village 0.48 years old. Age boys first spermatorrhea age, the township are 11 years old; all for the first time in urban sperm age 18 years old boys, rural boys 18 years old yet to reach 100%. The average age of first spermatorrhea in urban and rural areas were 14.14 and 15.15 years old, 1.01 years earlier than the rural areas. Menarche and first spermatorrhea were later than the national average. Conclusion Mongolian students had an earlier trend of menarche and mean first spermatorrhea and earliest age at birth. Morphological development and development of adolescent are closely related.