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我国煤炭资源十分丰富。截至1977年底,我国煤炭总储量约为6000亿吨。1978年全国煤炭总产量达6.17亿吨,居世界第三位。煤炭在我国能源构成中占70％,目前是我国工业能源的主要品种。六十年代开始,我国石油及其制成品的生产量和消费量迅速增加,导致我国工业能源消费结构发生很大变化。1978年工业企业的烧油量比1966年增大十七倍,石油已占我国能源构成的23％,成为我国工业能源的第二大品种。天然气及水电的开发量较少,其它的能源品种尚无工业化的应用。1978年我国能源的开发量和消费量见表1。
China’s coal resources are very rich. As of the end of 1977, China’s total coal reserves of about 600 billion tons. In 1978, China’s coal output reached 617 million tons, ranking the third in the world. Coal accounts for 70% of China’s energy mix and is currently the major industrial energy source in China. Since the 1960s, the production and consumption of petroleum and its manufactured products in our country have rapidly increased, resulting in great changes in the structure of industrial energy consumption in our country. In 1978, the volume of oil burned by industrial enterprises was 17 times larger than that in 1966. Oil accounted for 23% of China’s energy composition and became the second largest industrial energy source in China. Natural gas and hydropower development is less, other types of energy is not yet industrialized applications. In 1978, China’s energy development and consumption are shown in Table 1.