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目的 调查口腔卫生宣教与学龄期儿童第一恒磨牙患龋率的关系,为宣传正确的防龋方法 、提高防龋意识、降低儿童的患龋率提供理论依据.方法 我们分别选择了同一所小学一年级的三个班级,每班各40人.A班进行正确的刷牙方法 、氟化牙膏的选择与窝沟封闭的宣传教育,B班宣传正确刷牙的方法 与氟化牙膏的选择,C班只进行正确刷牙方法 的宣传.两年后调查三个班级的六龄齿患龋率与做窝沟封闭比例的差别.结果 C班患龋率明显高于A班(P<0.05),但与B班之间无统计学差异;A班同学做窝沟封闭的比例为92.5%,B、C两班分别为32.5%(13/40)和27.5%(11/40).结论 说明单纯宣传正确刷牙或选择氟化牙膏不能明显提高防龋效果,还必须教育儿童及家长及时给孩子做窝沟封闭.“,”Objective To investigate the relationship between oral health instruction and caries prevalence rate of first permanent molars in school age children in Changchun. Methods Three classes in the same Grade in one primary school were randomly selected, with 40 students in each class.Students in class A were instructed with the correct method of tooth brushing,selection of fluoride tooth paste, pits and fissure sealant. Students in class B were instructed with the correct method of tooth brushing,selection of fluoride tooth paste. Students in class C were instructed with the correct method of tooth brushing only. Results Caries prevalence rate in class C was much higher than that in class A(P<0.01). The rate of pits and fissure sealing in class A was much higher in class A than that in class B and C(P<0.01). Conclusions Pits and fissure sealing is very important in oral health instructions, which should be carried out at the same time of instruction.