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我国山丘区占国土面积的三分之二,坡耕地面积约5亿亩,其中25°以上的陡坡耕地约1亿亩,水土流失十分严重。本文根据水利部组织的调查,论证了垦种陡坡地的深远危害和逐步退耕还林还草的可行性及经济合宜性;认为,应认真贯彻水土保持法规的有关规定,严禁陡坡垦植农作物,有计划地退耕现有陡坡地,难以退耕的必须采用水土保持措施;并提出当前要广泛开展宣传教育、加强基本农田建设和制定陡坡地退耕的优惠政策等措施。
The hilly area in our country occupies two thirds of the land area. The sloping arable land covers an area of about 500 million mu, of which about 1 million mu are steep slopes of over 25 °. The soil erosion is very serious. According to the survey conducted by the Ministry of Water Resources, this paper demonstrated the far-reaching hazards of reclamation of steep slopes and the feasibility and economic suitability of gradual return of cultivated land to forests and pastures. It is believed that the regulations on soil and water conservation should be conscientiously implemented, It is necessary to adopt measures of soil and water conservation to systematically rehabilitate existing steep slopes and prevent them from returning farmland. At the same time, measures such as extensive publicity and education, strengthening basic farmland construction, and preferential policies for returning farmland on steep slopes are proposed.