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【目的】为了探究夷陵黄牛的母系起源与遗传多样性。【方法】采用PCR扩增、测序及生物信息学方法。【结果】在27头夷陵黄牛mtDNA D-loop区共检测到54个变异位点,界定了13个mtDNA单倍型,单倍型多样度为0.7720,平均核苷酸多样度为0.0228,表明夷陵黄牛具有比较丰富的遗传多样性。构建的系统发育树显示夷陵黄牛具有普通牛和瘤牛两大母系起源。【结论】夷陵黄牛受瘤牛的影响大,属于中国南方黄牛,具有普通牛与瘤牛的种质特征。
【Objective】 In order to explore the maternal origin and genetic diversity of Yiling cattle. 【Method】 PCR amplification, sequencing and bioinformatics methods were used. 【Result】 A total of 54 mutated sites were detected in mtDNA D-loop region of 27 Yiling breeds, and 13 mtDNA haplotypes were defined. The haplotype diversity was 0.7720 and the average nucleotide diversity was 0.0228, indicating that Yiling cattle have a wealth of genetic diversity. The phylogenetic tree constructed shows that Yiling cattle have the origin of two maternal lines, normal cattle and Zebu cattle. 【Conclusion】 Yiling cattle are greatly affected by Zea mays and belong to southern China cattle, which have the characteristics of germplasm of common cattle and Zea mays.