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目的研究新标碘盐供应前后厦门市沿海8-10岁儿童和孕妇的碘营养变化情况,为下一步碘缺乏病防控策略调整提供实证依据。方法在新标碘盐供应前及食用新标碘盐后的第3、6、9个月调查厦门市翔安区8-10岁学生和孕妇的尿碘、尿比重、碘盐覆盖率、碘盐合格率、合格碘盐食用率和居民日人均食盐摄入量。结果自来水水碘含量为4.2μg/L,基线调查、第二、三次评估日人均食盐摄入量均数分别为5.7、6.9、6.9 g;基线调查、第一、第二、三次评估,8-10岁学生碘盐合格率和合格碘盐食用率都分别为97.1、93.1、98.0和98.0,盐碘中位数分别为28.7、24.7、24.0、25.3 mg/kg,尿碘中位数分别为132.0、177.7、181.7和134.5μg/L,尿比重均值分别为1.0157、1.0196、1.0213和1.0184;孕妇碘盐合格率分别为97.8%、84.6%、84.4%和90.2%,盐碘中位数分别为27.8、25.7、24.3和23.7mg/kg,尿碘中位数分别为103.8、128.5、138.9和100.2μg/L,尿比重均值分别为1.0123、1.0153、1.0180和1.0143;尿碘与采样季节、气候及尿比重有关,尿碘值与尿比重呈正相关关系。结论新标碘盐实施前后,8-10岁儿童碘营养总体处于适宜水平,但孕妇碘营养均不足,要采取措施加强孕妇碘营养,保障人群健康素质。
Objective To study the changes of iodine nutrition in 8-10-year-old children and pregnant women along the coast of Xiamen City before and after the supply of new standard iodized salt, and provide empirical evidence for the adjustment of prevention and control strategies for iodine deficiency disorders. Methods Urine iodine, urine specific gravity, iodine salt coverage, iodine salt coverage, iodine content, iodine content and iodine content in 8-10-year-old students and pregnant women in Xiang’an District of Xiamen City were investigated before the new standard iodized salt supply and at the 3rd, Salt pass rate, the rate of qualified iodized salt and residents daily average salt intake. Results The iodine content in tap water was 4.2 μg / L, and the mean salt intake per capita in the baseline survey, second and third evaluation were 5.7, 6.9 and 6.9 g respectively. The baseline, first, second and third assessments, 8- The passing rate of iodized salt and qualified iodized salt of 10-year-old students were 97.1, 93.1, 98.0 and 98.0 respectively, the median of salt and iodine were 28.7, 24.7, 24.0 and 25.3 mg / kg respectively, and the median of urinary iodine was 132.0 , 177.7,181.7 and 134.5 μg / L respectively, and the average urinary specific gravity was 1.0157, 1.0196, 1.0213 and 1.0184 respectively. The passing rates of iodized salt in pregnant women were 97.8%, 84.6%, 84.4% and 90.2% respectively, and the median of salt iodine was 27.8 , 25.7,24.3 and 23.7mg / kg respectively. The median urinary iodine concentrations were 103.8, 128.5, 138.9 and 100.2μg / L, respectively. The urinary specific gravity was 1.0123, 1.0153, 1.0180 and 1.0143 respectively. The proportion of urine iodine value and urine specific gravity was positively correlated. Conclusion Before and after the implementation of the new standard iodine salt, the iodine nutrition of children aged 8-10 was generally at a suitable level, but iodine nutrition of pregnant women was not enough. Measures should be taken to strengthen the iodine nutrition of pregnant women and ensure the health quality of the population.