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为了提高驾驶人在恶劣天气下的行车安全,基于汽车驾驶模拟器试验平台,针对晴天、雨天和雪天3种行车环境,开展驾驶人生理反应与行车安全关系的研究。试验选用20名男性被试人员,运用KF-2动态多参数生理检测仪和HED型眼动仪对被试人员进行生理指标测试。通过对数回归和相关性分析,研究了驾驶人在行车过程中操作错误次数与平均心率变化率之间的关系,并分析了不同天气状况下驾驶人的注视特性和扫视特性。研究结果表明:在雨天和雪天条件下,驾驶人的心率变化率与操作错误次数之间具有较好的相关性,心率变化率与操作错误次数呈对数曲线增长趋势;超速、违规换道和转向未打灯是驾驶人的主要操作错误类型;晴天时,驾驶人注视点的分布范围最广,雨天和雪天时驾驶人注视点的分布范围较为集中;雪天时驾驶人的注视时间最长,雨天和晴天较短;晴天时驾驶人的注视次数最多,雨天和雪天注视次数较少;晴天时驾驶人的扫视幅度最大,扫视时间最长,雨天和雪天较短。
In order to improve driving safety of drivers under bad weather conditions, a study was conducted on the relationship between drivers’ physiological response and driving safety based on the vehicle driving simulator test platform for the three driving environments of sunny day, rainy day and snowy day. Twenty male subjects were selected for the test, and physiological parameters were tested using KF-2 dynamic multi-parameter physiological detector and HED eye tracker. By logarithmic regression and correlation analysis, the relationship between the number of driver errors during operation and the rate of change of average heart rate was studied, and the gaze and gaze characteristics of drivers under different weather conditions were analyzed. The results show that there is a good correlation between the rate of change of heart rate and the number of operational errors under the conditions of rainy weather and snowy days. The rate of change of heart rate and the number of operational errors increase logarithmically. And the steering did not hit the light is the driver of the main types of operational errors; sunny hours, the drivers most widely distributed point of view, the rain and snow days when the driver’s attention point distribution is more concentrated; snow driver watching time the longest , The rainy days and sunny days are shorter; while the sunny days, the drivers watch the most frequently, while the rainy days and snowy days watch fewer times; while the sunny days, the drivers’ glances are the largest, the scanning time is the longest, and the rainy days and snowy days are short.