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微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是动、植物基因组中广泛存在的一类非编码单链小分子RNA,在转录后水平以完全或非完全互补的方式与其靶mRNA相结合,调节靶mRNA表达,从而影响生物学性状。研究发现,miRNA参与生命过程中一系列重要进程,参与人体生理或病理过程,与人类多种疾病密切相关。目前,关于miRNA在妇科恶性肿瘤中的研究仍处于起步阶段。大量研究发现,miRNA在肿瘤不同阶段表达不同,提示miRNA在恶性肿瘤的发生、诊断、治疗及预后起重要作用,但其具体作用机制仍不清楚,其临床应用价值仍有待进一步研究。
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a kind of non-coding single-stranded small-molecule RNA widely existing in animal and plant genomes and bind to their target mRNAs at the post-transcriptional level in complete or non-complete complement to regulate target mRNA expression. Affect biological traits. The study found that miRNA involved in a series of important processes of life, involved in human physiology or pathological processes, and a variety of human diseases are closely related. At present, the research on miRNA in gynecological malignancies is still in its infancy. A large number of studies found that miRNAs expressed differently in different stages of the tumor, suggesting that miRNA plays an important role in the occurrence, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of malignant tumors. However, its specific mechanism remains unclear and its clinical application remains to be further studied.