目的运用受益归属分析方法对孕产妇孕前保健服务利用情况进行分析,了解孕前保健服务的受益人群和受益程度。方法于2010年8月根据地域分布在全国抽取山东、河南、甘肃3省,以婴幼儿在42 d~6个月的城市和农村妇女为调查对象,共调查1 945名孕产妇。运用Kakwani指数、利用需要比和集中指数等方法进行受益归属评价。结果孕产妇孕前保健多数服务项目总体上是城市、低经济收入组和高文化程度组的孕产妇受益更多,但在戒烟戒酒服务上受益相当。结论加强对孕产妇孕前保健服务利用受益较少人群的关注,从经济政策支持和健康教育等方面入手,提高低经济收入和低文化程度孕产妇孕前保健服务的利用率,促进利用均等化。 Objective To analyze the utilization of pre-pregnancy health services by means of beneficiary ownership analysis to understand the beneficiaries and benefits of pre-pregnancy health services. Methods In August 2010, Shandong Province, Henan Province and Gansu Province were sampled from all over the country. According to the geographical distribution, urban and rural women aged from 42 days to 6 months were selected as survey subjects, and 1,945 pregnant women were investigated. Use Kakwani index, the use of the ratio of needs and concentration index and other methods to benefit from belonging to evaluation. Results Maternal Pre-Pregnancy Most services for maternal pre-natal care benefited most pregnant women in cities, low-income groups and high-education groups, but benefited considerably from the service of quitting smoking and alcohol abstinence. Conclusions We should pay more attention to the benefit of pregnant women who have less benefit from prenatal care services. We should increase utilization rate of prenatal health care services with low economic income and low educational level from the aspects of economic policy support and health education so as to promote the equalization of utilization.