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坡面冲刷是我国南方花岗岩地区铁路公路沿线路堑边坡的主要工程地质问题。按不同分类标准 ,可分为片蚀、沟蚀与坍塌 ;推移质冲刷与悬移质冲刷 ;裸坡冲蚀与潜蚀等不同形式。路堑开挖剥离‘山皮’是坡面冲刷严重的直接原因 ,冲刷在坡面上具有明显的纵向分带性质。在坡面径流作用下 ,土物会受到拖曳力、上举力、渗透压力、粒间离散力等多种力的综合作用。由坡面流能量、能量损失、传递及其平衡得出了坡面流对坡面上土物的拖曳力。由冲刷过程中力的平衡条件 ,得出了坡面上土物的失稳起动拖曳力。由能量守恒原理 ,分别得出了坡面流推移质冲刷能力和悬移质冲刷能力 ,由此得到坡面冲刷强度。
Slope erosion is the main engineering geological problem of the cutting slope along the railway in southern granite area of China. According to different classification criteria, it can be divided into patch erodes, ditch erodes and collapses; plow mass scour and suspended mass eroded; bare slope erodes and eroded etc in different forms. The scouring of ’hill skin’ by cutting excavation is the direct cause of serious erosion on the slope, and the erosion has obvious longitudinal zonation on the slope. Under the action of slope runoff, the soil will be affected by the combined effects of drag force, uplift force, osmotic pressure and interparticle discrete force. Based on the slope flow energy, energy loss, transfer and balance, the towing force of slope flow on the soil is obtained. From the equilibrium condition of the force during the scouring process, the instability starting drag of the soil on the slope is obtained. By the principle of conservation of energy, the scouring ability and the scouring ability of suspended sediment are obtained respectively, and the scouring intensity of the slope is obtained.