偶然和必然实际上是矛盾的偶然性和必然性的具体表现。必然性和偶然性的关系是对立统一的关系。必然性总是通过大量的偶然性表现出来,而偶然性是必然性的表现形式和必要补充。在科学史上,一些重大的发明发现似乎是偶然的,但没有一种机遇是纯偶然的。偶然中存在着必然,偶然只有通过必然才会发生作用。 Occasion and necessity are actually concrete manifestations of the contingency and inevitability of contradictions. The relationship between necessity and fortuitarity is the unity of opposites. Inevitability is always manifested by a great deal of contingency, and contingency is an inevitable manifestation and necessary supplement. In the history of science, some major inventions find seem accidental, but no chance is purely accidental. Occasionally there is a necessity, only by chance must happen.