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血红素加氧酶(HO)在神经系统广泛分布,其反应产物即铁离子、一氧化碳和胆色素都是生物活性分子,对细胞的生存和增殖有广泛的生物学作用。同工酶HO-1和HO-2不同的分子特性和脑内不同的调控特点决定了两者神经功能的差别。HO-2在生理情况下大量表达维持脑的正常功能;而HO-1与神经系统疾病密切相关。大量研究表明HO-1的上调表达对氧化应激引起的神经系统疾病有保护作用,另一方面使铁离子病理性沉积促进了神经系统变性疾病的发生。
Heme oxygenase (HO) is widely distributed in the nervous system. The reaction products of iron ion, carbon monoxide and bile pigment are all bioactive molecules, which have a wide range of biological effects on cell survival and proliferation. The different molecular characteristics of isozymes HO-1 and HO-2 and the different regulatory features in the brain determine the difference in neurological function between the two. HO-2 is abundantly expressed in physiological conditions to maintain the normal function of the brain; and HO-1 is closely related to the nervous system diseases. A large number of studies have shown that HO-1 upregulation of the expression of oxidative stress-induced neurological diseases have a protective effect, on the other hand make the deposition of iron ions pathological neurodegenerative diseases.