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目的了解四川省雅安市雨城区鼠、蝇、蜚蠊的种类及其季节消长规律,为病媒生物防制提供科学合理的依据,有效地预防和控制病媒生物性传染病的发生和流行。方法按照全国病媒生物监测方案设置监测点,分别采用夹夜法、笼诱法、粘捕法调查鼠、蝇、蜚蠊的种类和密度。结果调查发现:雨城区鼠类(含食虫目种类)有2目2科3属5种,优势鼠种为褐家鼠(占60.83%),其次为黄胸鼠(占25.00%),鼠密度最高峰为8月,次高峰为5月,第3高峰在11月。蝇类有7科13属16种,优势蝇种为丝光绿蝇(占41.85%),家蝇(占21.34%),巨尾阿丽蝇(占11.50%)。蝇密度最高峰为5月,次高峰为7月,第3高峰在10月。蜚蠊有2科2属3种,优势种为德国小蠊(占99.48%),其密度和侵害率最高峰均为9月。结论所调查的各监测点中,鼠类在餐饮行业中密度最高,蝇类在农贸市场密度最高,蜚蠊在农贸市场和餐饮业密度、侵害率均最高,应加强防制。
Objective To understand the species and seasonal variation of rats, flies and cockroaches in Yucheng District, Yaan City, Sichuan Province, and to provide a scientific and rational basis for the prevention of vector-borne diseases and to effectively prevent and control the occurrence and prevalence of infectious vector-borne diseases. Methods The monitoring sites were set up according to the national vector bio-monitoring program. The types and densities of rats, flies and cockroaches were investigated using the method of catgut nocturna, catching and catching. Results The results showed that there were 5 species of 3 genera, 2 orders, 2 families, 2 species, 2 species, 2 species, 2 species, 2 species, 2 species, 2 species, The highest density is August, the second is May and the third is in November. There were 16 species of flies with 13 genera and 7 families. The dominant flies were Lucilia sericata (41.85%), house flies (21.34%) and giant tail aloe flies (11.50%). The highest density of flies was in May, the next highest in July and the third highest in October. Cockroach has 2 families, 2 genera and 3 species, the dominant species is German cockroach (accounting for 99.48%), the highest density and the highest invasion rate are September. Conclusions Among all the monitoring points investigated, the rodents have the highest density in the catering industry, the highest density of flies in the farmers ’market, the highest density of cockroaches in the farmers’ market and the catering industry, the highest infringement rate, and the prevention and control should be strengthened.