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煤矿抽采出的低浓度瓦斯直接排空不仅浪费清洁能源而且加剧温室效应。离子液体(IL)是近年来用于气体分离的热点研究对象。综述了利用IL分离气体,特别在溶解CH_4气体方面的研究进展,归纳了具有高效溶解CH4能力的IL结构特征,以及阴阳离子对IL溶解CH_4的影响规律。分析结果表明CH_4在大部分ILs中的溶解度较小;与咪唑类ILs相比,阴离子为[FAP]~-、[doc]~-、[Tf_2N]~-、[TMPP]~-,阳离子取代链为长烷烃的季膦类和季胺类ILs具有更强的溶解CH_4的能力。特别是[P4444][TMPP]和[P(14)666][TMPP]对CH_4表现出优越的溶解性,可考虑用这2种ILs存储CH_4。至于两者能否用于浓缩CH_4,还需实验测试[P4444][TMPP]和[P(14)666][TMPP]溶解CO_2和N_2的情况,以及对溶解过程的影响。
Direct drainage of low-concentration gas extracted from coal mines not only wastes clean energy but also aggravates the greenhouse effect. Ionic liquid (IL) is a hot research object for gas separation in recent years. In this paper, the progress of the separation of gases by IL, especially the dissolution of CH 4 gas, is summarized. The structure of IL with high CH 4 solubility and the effect of anions and cations on the dissolution of CH 4 by IL are summarized. The results showed that the solubility of CH_4 in most of ILs was smaller than that of imidazoles. Compared with imidazoles, the anions were [FAP] ~ -, [doc] ~ -, [Tf_2N] ~ -, [TMPP] The long-alkyl quaternary phosphines and quaternary ammonium ILs have a stronger ability to dissolve CH_4. In particular [P4444] [TMPP] and [P (14) 666] [TMPP] show superior solubility for CH 4, it is considered that these two kinds of ILs store CH 4. As to whether the two can be used to concentrate CH_4, [P4444] [TMPP] and [P (14) 666] [TMPP] need to be tested experimentally for the dissolution of CO_2 and N_2 and the effect on the dissolution process.