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目的:观察成年大鼠下颌功能性前伸后嚼肌浅层的超微结构变化。方法:成年雄性SD大鼠40只,随机分为4个实验组和4个对照组,每组5只。实验组大鼠配戴固定的前伸下颌矫治器,对照组不配戴矫治器。分别于下颌前伸7d、14d、28d和60d处死实验组和对照组大鼠。取大鼠左右侧的嚼肌浅层,制作电镜标本,透射电镜下观察成年大鼠嚼肌浅层的超微结构变化。结果:实验组大鼠嚼肌浅层部分细胞在大鼠下颌功能性前伸7d时萎缩,前伸60d时形态不规则。实验组大鼠下颌前伸7d,部分嚼肌浅层细胞内肌丝断裂;前伸14d和28d时,嚼肌浅层细胞内肌丝的排列方向紊乱;前伸60d时,嚼肌浅层细胞内局部可见肌丝方向紊乱。大鼠下颌功能性前伸7d和14d时,实验组大鼠嚼肌浅层细胞内肌浆网多见;前伸28d时线粒体多见、形态改变;前伸60d时,肌丝间的线粒体仍多见。结论:成年大鼠下颌功能性前伸后嚼肌浅层细胞的形态、肌丝的排列和结构、线粒体和肌浆网的功能发生了改变。
OBJECTIVE: To observe the ultrastructural changes of the mandibular functional lower extensor muscles of adult rats. Methods: Forty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 experimental groups and 4 control groups, with 5 rats in each group. Rats in the experimental group were fitted with fixed anterior mandibular orthodontics, while those in the control group did not wear orthodontics. Rats in experimental group and control group were sacrificed at 7d, 14d, 28d and 60d respectively. The left and right side of the rat muscle to take shallow muscle, making electron microscopy specimens, transmission electron microscopy under the ultrastructure of the adult rat masseter muscle ultrastructure. Results: In the experimental group, the superficial part of the rat chewing muscle atrophy was observed in the functional extension of the mandibular jaw 7d, and the morphology was irregular at 60d. In the experimental group, the mandibular anterior extension 7d and the myofilament in the superficial layer of the part of the chewing muscle were ruptured. In the anterior extensor 14d and 28d, the arrangement of the myofilament in the superficial layer of the chewing muscle was disordered. Local visible myofilament disorder. At 7d and 14d, the sarcoplasmic reticulum in the muscle cells of the experimental group was more common in the functional extension of the mandibular muscles. The mitochondria were more common and the morphology was changed on the 28th day. More common. CONCLUSION: The morphology, the arrangement and structure of myofilament, the function of mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum in the mandibular functional extended extensor muscles of adult rats are changed.