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大黄为蓼科多年生草本植物掌叶大黄 Rheum Palmatum L.、唐古特大黄 R.tangntic-nm Maxim ex Reg,或药用大黄 R.officin-ale Bill 的根和根茎,性味苦寒,能泻下攻积,清热泻火,止血,解毒,活血祛瘀(《中药学》教材,上海科技出版社,1989)。《本草汇言》言:“大黄气味大苦大寒,性禀直趋,长于下通,峻利猛烈,横驱直捣,一往不返,特有将军之号”,后世对于大黄“长于下通”多理解为大黄善于攻坚,适用于肠胃积滞便秘等证,对大黄利小便功能常不论及,如《中医内科学》(五版教材)治疗“水肿”、“臌胀”、“癃闭”诸方中,如不兼有大便秘结,均不使用大黄。然而,笔者在翻阅古代有关大黄的文献,不乏有大黄利小便的记载,如
Rhubarb is the root and rhizome of Rheum palmatum L., R. tangntic-nm Maxim ex Reg, or R.officin-ale Bill of medicinal rhubarb. Accumulation, clearing heat and purging fire, stopping bleeding, detoxification, and activating blood stasis (“Chinese Traditional Medicine” textbook, Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1989). “Ben Cao Yan Yan” remarked: “Rhubarb smells bitterly cold and bitterly cold, sexually aggressive, longer than the next pass, Jun Lee fierce, horizontal drive straightforward, never return, unique general number”, later generations for rhubarb “longer than the next pass ”More understanding is that rhubarb is good at attacking hard, suitable for gastrointestinal constipation and constipation, etc. It is often not discussed about the function of urinary urine, such as “Chinese medicine internal medicine” (five textbooks) to treat “edema”, “swelling”, “closed ”In all the squares, no rhubarb is used unless there is a constipation. However, when I look at the ancient literature on rhubarb, there is no lack of records of urine and urine, such as