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采用蒸馏水以及浓度不同的NaCl溶液作为浸泡溶液,对商用膨润土进行了膨胀变形试验。结果表明在相同的荷载作用下,膨胀变形随浸泡溶液浓度的增加而减小。这是因为浸泡溶液的浓度越大,溶液的渗透吸力π也越大,渗透吸力的增加将引起施加在黏土颗粒上有效应力的增加,使得在外部施加荷载相同时膨润土的膨胀变形随溶液浓度的增加而减小。当压实膨润土在盐溶液中膨胀时,其有效应力pe可分为两部分,即施加荷载部分p和渗透吸力部分pπ。对于浸泡于蒸馏水和NaCl溶液中的膨润土试样,其膨胀后的蒙脱石孔隙比em与有效应力pe之间的关系可采用同一关系曲线表示,此时施加于黏土颗粒上的有效应力的渗透吸力部分pπ=(p/π)~(0.66)·π。
Using distilled water and different concentrations of NaCl solution as a soaking solution, the commercial bentonite deformation test. The results show that under the same load, the deformation decreases with the increase of the concentration of soaking solution. This is because the larger the concentration of the soaking solution is, the larger the osmotic suction π of the solution is. The increase of the osmotic suction will cause an increase of the effective stress exerted on the clay particles so that the swelling deformation of the bentonite increases with the concentration of the solution Increase and decrease. When compacted bentonite expands in salt solution, its effective stress, pe, can be divided into two parts, namely the applied load part p and the osmotic suction part pπ. For bentonite samples immersed in distilled water and NaCl solution, the relationship between the expanded montmorillonite void ratio em and the effective stress pe can be expressed by the same curve, and the penetration of the effective stress applied to the clay particles at this time Suction part pπ = (p / π) ~ (0.66) · π.